Huangniuling Fm

The named section is located in Huangniuling, Dianbai County, Guangdong. Chen Guoda and others named the Huangniuling layer in 1949.

The Huangniuling layer refers to a set of sandstones and glutenites located between the Youganwo Formation and the Yangjiaowei Formation in the Huangniuling area of the Maoming Basin, characteristic by ray-white sandstone, glutenite and variegated siltstone, mudstone, with oil shale and lignite. It can be divided into two parts. Lower part is gray-white, gray-yellow glutenite, sandstone with gray-green mudstone, coal-bearing lines, and pyrite nodules; Upper part is gray, gray-green, and yellow-brown mudstone with oily and asphaltene sandstone and clayey siltstone and coal line, containing pyrite and turpentine, etc. The thickness of this Formation is 71-395m, with a tendency of being thicker in the northeast and thinner in the southwest. The lithology and thickness vary greatly. The sedimentary becomes thicker from northwest to southeast. Glutenites develop in Maoming Shange and Dianbaiyangjiao, and siltstones and mudstones develop in Shigu, Gaozhou, and Jintang in Maoming.

Plants and pollen. Fossil plants include ferns (Lygodiaceae), gymnosperms (Pinaceae, Podocarpaceae, Sciadopityaceae, Taxaceae), and angiosperms (Lauraceae, Fagaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Altingiaceae, Fabaceae, Juglandaceae, Myricaceae, Myrtaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Rhamnaceae, Celastraceae, Nyssaceae, Ulmaceae, etc.) and more than 150 species; sporopollen includes Alnipollenites sp., Cupuliferoidaepollenites sp., Liquidambarlenites sp.

Delta-river-lacustrine deposits. The discovery of Dipterocarpaceae Shorea in Huangniuling indicates a tropical rain forest environment.